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The
Ugly Truth About Beauty
The Long and the Short of It
Likewise, evolution may have led women to prefer taller men.
有关美丽的丑恶现实
高个子和矮个子
反之，进化可能使女人更钟情于高个男人。
Women will take just about any shortcoming in a man, except in the height
department, according to Andrea McGinty, who founded the San Diego-based
dating service It's Just Lunch.
除了身高，女人可能会容忍男人的任何短处。下此结论的是Andrea
McGinty，他成立了圣地亚哥的午餐约会服务中心。
McGinty helped ABCNEWS put together an experiment to test just how willing
women are to date shorter men. We brought together several short men and
asked them to stand next to taller men. We invited groups of women to look
at the men and choose a date.
McGinty 帮助美国广播公司新闻频道做一次实验，看看女人与矮个男人约会的意愿如何。我们安排几个矮个男人站在高个男人身边。然后我们请一组女人从这些男人中挑选约会对象。
To see if the women would go for short guys who were successful, ABCNEWS'
Lynn Sherr created extraordinary résumés
for the shorter men. She told the women that the shorter men included a
doctor, a best-selling author, a champion skier, a venture capitalist
who'd made millions by the age of 25.
为了检验这些女人是否会因为事业有成而选择矮个男子，美国广播公司新闻频道的Lynn
Sherr为这些矮个男子制作了非凡的履历。她告诉选约会对象的女人们，这些矮个男人中有医生，有畅销书作者，滑雪冠军，还有一位25岁就挣到几百万的金融投资人。
Nothing worked. The women always chose the tall men. Sherr asked whether
there'd be anything she could say that would make the shortest of the men,
who was 5 feet, irresistible. One of the women replied, "Maybe the
only thing you could say is that the other four are murderers."
Another backed her up, saying that had the taller men had a criminal
record she might have been swayed to choose a shorter man. Another said
she'd have considered the shorter men, if the taller men had been
described as "child molesters."
然而，履历没起作用，这些女人们仍然选中了高个子男子。Sherr问她们，到底要她说什么，才能使她们义无返顾地选中其中一位最矮的男人，他只有5英尺。一位女人回答说："除非你说其他四位男人是杀人犯。"另一位女子附和说，如果高个男子有犯罪记录，她可以考虑选一位稍矮一些的男人。还有一位女人说，如果有人说这些高个男人是"儿童骚扰者"，她可以考虑选矮一些的男子。
The desire for tall men begins very young, apparently. ABCNEWS gave
elementary school students a test, asking them to match a small, medium,
or large figure of a man with a series of words. The kids overwhelmingly
linked the tall figure to the words strong, handsome, and smart. The
linked the short figure to the words sad, scared and weak.
对高个子的希望显然始于孩童。美国广播公司新闻频道在小学生中做了一项试验，要求同学们将小个、中等或大个男人与一些词汇相联，孩子们纷纷将大个男子与强壮、英俊和聪明相联，而将小个男子与悲哀、恐惧和衰弱相联。
Likewise, evolution may have led women to prefer taller men.
反之，进化可能使女人更钟情于高个男人。
Women will take just about any shortcoming in a man, except in the height
department, according to Andrea McGinty, who founded the San Diego-based
dating service It's Just Lunch.
除了身高，女人可能会容忍男人的任何短处。下此结论的是Andrea
McGinty，他成立了圣地亚哥的午餐约会服务中心。
McGinty helped ABCNEWS put together an experiment to test just how willing
women are to date shorter men. We brought together several short men and
asked them to stand next to taller men. We invited groups of women to look
at the men and choose a date.
McGinty 帮助美国广播公司新闻频道做一次实验，看看女人与矮个男人约会的意愿如何。我们安排几个矮个男人站在高个男人身边。然后我们请一组女人从这些男人中挑选约会对象。
To see if the women would go for short guys who were successful, ABCNEWS'
Lynn Sherr created extraordinary résumés
for the shorter men. She told the women that the shorter men included a
doctor, a best-selling author, a champion skier, a venture capitalist
who'd made millions by the age of 25.
为了检验这些女人是否会因为事业有成而选择矮个男子，美国广播公司新闻频道的Lynn
Sherr为这些矮个男子制作了非凡的履历。她告诉选约会对象的女人们，这些矮个男人中有医生，有畅销书作者，滑雪冠军，还有一位25岁就挣到几百万的金融投资人。
Nothing worked. The women always chose the tall men. Sherr asked whether
there'd be anything she could say that would make the shortest of the men,
who was 5 feet, irresistible. One of the women replied, "Maybe the
only thing you could say is that the other four are murderers."
Another backed her up, saying that had the taller men had a criminal
record she might have been swayed to choose a shorter man. Another said
she'd have considered the shorter men, if the taller men had been
described as "child molesters."
然而，履历没起作用，这些女人们仍然选中了高个子男子。Sherr问她们，到底要她说什么，才能使她们义无返顾地选中其中一位最矮的男人，他只有5英尺。一位女人回答说："除非你说其他四位男人是杀人犯。"另一位女子附和说，如果高个男子有犯罪记录，她可以考虑选一位稍矮一些的男人。还有一位女人说，如果有人说这些高个男人是"儿童骚扰者"，她可以考虑选矮一些的男子。
The desire for tall men begins very young, apparently. ABCNEWS gave
elementary school students a test, asking them to match a small, medium,
or large figure of a man with a series of words. The kids overwhelmingly
linked the tall figure to the words strong, handsome, and smart. The
linked the short figure to the words sad, scared and weak.
对高个子的希望显然始于孩童。美国广播公司新闻频道在小学生中做了一项试验，要求同学们将小个、中等或大个男人与一些词汇相联，孩子们纷纷将大个男子与强壮、英俊和聪明相联，而将小个男子与悲哀、恐惧和衰弱相联。
Add 'Lookism' to the List
把"容貌歧视"列上黑名单
To conduct an experiment, 20/20 hired actors - some great looking, some
not - and put them in situations to gauge how often the
"lookers" would get preferential treatment.
为了做一个试验，"20/20"节目雇用了演员。有些人容貌出众，有些人却不是。但把演员们放在特定环境下，看看"漂亮人"是如何常常得到优待的。
In the first test, we put two women next to cars without gas in Atlanta.
The women wore the same outfit.
在第一次试验中，在亚特兰大，我们让两位女演员穿戴一样，分别站在没有汽油的车旁。
Both Michelle and Tracey stood helplessly by cars with their hoods up. For
the average-looking Michelle, a few pedestrians stopped but only made
suggestions as where she could walk to get gasoline. But for the beautiful
Tracey, cars came screeching to a halt. More than a dozen cars stopped and
six people went to get Tracey gas.
Michelle和Tracey引擎罩打开着，绝望无助地站在车旁。相貌平平的Michelle只能让几位行人驻足，但他们也只是为她指出如何加油的路，而美貌Tracey的待遇却大不相同。许多车子为她猛然刹车，一打以上的车主停车，6个人要为Tracey加油。
The two actresses helped with our second test, at an Atlanta shopping mall
where both women set up a table and sold calendars and teddy bears to
raise money for charity. Overall, it looked as if both women were doing
well with their sales. Then we counted the money and found Tracey
collected 50 percent more.
两位女演员又帮助我们做了第二个试验。在一家亚特兰大购物中心，两人都设摊慈善义卖日历和玩具熊。从表面上看，她们卖得一样好，可是数钱时却发现，Tracey的收入要高出50%。
What if we tested something requiring qualifications, like getting a job?
Looks shouldn't matter then but would they?
如果我们实验某些需要资格的事情，比如应聘，结果会如何呢？容貌会起到什么作用呢？
20/20 hired two men and two women to apply for jobs. The clearest
difference between them was looks while they shared similar education and
work experience backgrounds. To match them up more closely, we rewrote
their résumés
to match.
"20/20"节目组雇用了两位男人和两位女人参加应聘，他们有相似的教育和工作经验背景，但容貌却大不相同。为了使他们更接近，我们改写了他们的履历。
The two actresses helped with our second test, at an Atlanta shopping mall
where both women set up a table and sold calendars and teddy bears to
raise money for charity. Overall, it looked as if both women were doing
well with their sales. Then we counted the money and found Tracey
collected 50 percent more.
两位女演员又帮助我们做了第二个试验。在一家亚特兰大购物中心，两人都设摊慈善义卖日历和玩具熊。从表面上看，她们卖得一样好，可是数钱时却发现，Tracey的收入要高出50%。
What if we tested something requiring qualifications, like getting a job?
Looks shouldn't matter then but would they?
如果我们实验某些需要资格的事情，比如应聘，结果会如何呢？容貌会起到什么作用呢？
20/20 hired two men and two women to apply for jobs. The clearest
difference between them was looks while they shared similar education and
work experience backgrounds. To match them up more closely, we rewrote
their résumés
to match.
"20/20"节目组雇用了两位男人和两位女人参加应聘，他们有相似的教育和工作经验背景，但容貌却大不相同。为了使他们更接近，我们改写了他们的履历。
Mark, who was our more attractive applicant, and Mike, the more
ordinary-looking one, both had corporate experience and had run their own
companies. Donia, our more attractive female applicant, and her
counterpart, Amy, both had been secretaries and saleswomen. A consultant
trained them so their behavior matched.
Mark是一个有魅力的男求职者，而Mike的相貌平平。两人都拥有企业经历，曾经开过自己的公司。Donia是我们非常迷人的女求职者，与她搭档的Amy，两人都曾当过秘书和销售人员。一位顾问专门对她们进行了训练，使她们的举止相同。
Hidden cameras captured interviewers being warmer and friendlier to the
better looking applicants and being less friendly to the other applicants.
With Amy and Donia, for example, one job interviewer told Amy employees
got a 45-minute lunch break but with Donia the interviewer said there was
a flexible policy about lunch. Who got the job offer? Donia. Amy never
even got a call back.
暗藏的摄像机捕获了主聘人员对相貌好看的应聘者十分热情和友好，而对其它应征者则不友好。例如，招聘人员对Amy说，雇员只有45分钟午饭休息时间，而却对Donia说，午饭时间是有弹性的。谁得到工作了？当然是Donia。Amy则再也没有接到回复电话。
We ran similar tests using Mike and the especially good looking Mark.
Would looks make less of a difference when the interviewers were judging
men? Apparently not. On the first interview, for a sales job, the
interviewer told Mike he'd call him later but he never called. With Mark,
the interviewer was eager to have him return for a tryout day.
我们用Mike和美貌的Mark做了相似的实验。看看招聘人员在判别男人方面是否较少掺杂了容貌因素。结果恰恰相反，在首次应聘销售工作时，招聘者对Mike说，他以后会打电话给他，可是他再也没打。可是招聘人员却迫切地要求Mark马上上岗试工。
"It's a non-conscious process," said Tom Cash, a psychologist at
Old Dominion University. "They assume that more attractive people
have an array of valued characteristics."
Old Dominion大学的心理学家Tom
Cash说："这是一个无意识的过程，他们推测漂亮的人有更多富有价值的品质。"
We should add the bias of "lookism" to sexism and racism. It's
just as bad but we don't need a federal program.
我们应该在性别歧视和种族歧视之后再添一个"容貌歧视"，尽管它与前两者一样可恶，但对此并不需要联邦立法。
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